| Consumer exposure and risk assessment to selected chemicals of mold stain remover use in Korea | |
|---|---|
| 년도 | 2020 |
| 날짜 | 2020 Sep |
| 페이지 / 학회지명 |
30(5), 888-897 / Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology |
| 논문저자 | Ji Young Park 1, Miyoung Lim 2, Kiyoung Lee 3 4, Kyunghee Ji 5, Wonho Yang 6, Ho-Sang Shin 7, Hyunhee Lim 7, Hunjoo Lee 8, Jaehoon An 9 |
| Link |
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41370-019-0155-0
120회 연결
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1 Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea. 2 Department of Environmental Health, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea. 3 Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea. cleanair@snu.ac.kr. 4 Department of Environmental Health, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea. cleanair@snu.ac.kr. 5 Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Yongin University, Gyeonggi, Korea. 6 Department of Occupational Health, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu, Korea. 7 Department of Environmental Education, Kongju University, Chungnam, Korea. 8 Chem.I.Net Inc., Seoul, Korea. 9 Department of Public Health Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea. Abstract Mold stain remover (MSR) is used to clean mold and mildew spots from surfaces and contains a variety of chemical substances. In this study, we estimated the inhalation and dermal exposures associated with the use of trigger spray MSRs, and performed screening-level risk assessments for the use of this type of product in Korea. Inhalation and dermal exposures were estimated using exposure algorithms based on exposure factors obtained from a nationwide survey of 10,000 participants and chemical analyses of the four most popular trigger spray MSRs. The hazard quotients (HQs) for noncancer risk and excess cancer risk (ECR) were calculated for each chemical. The mean inhalation exposure estimates for formaldehyde, benzene, chloroform, and carbon tetrachloride were 6.9 × 10-7, 1.7 × 10-7, 5.4 × 10-6, and 2.7 × 10-5 mg/kg/day, respectively. Dermal exposures of the chemicals were 5.7-6.5 times higher than inhalation exposures. The HQs for total exposure were all below 1, which indicated little noncancer risk from the use of MSRs. The safe ECR value of 1 × 10-6, was exceed in one subject for inhalation exposure of benzene and four subjects for dermal exposure of formaldehyde, while 19.8% for dermal exposure of benzene were above this value. Therefore, use of trigger spray MSRs in Korea should require more detailed exposure and risk assessment, especially for benzene. Keywords: Consumer exposure; Consumer product; Exposure assessment; Exposure factor; Mold stain remover; Risk assessment. |
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