| Long term trends of chemical constituents and source contributions of PM2.5 in Seoul | |
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| 년도 | 2020 |
| 날짜 | 2020 Jul |
| 페이지 / 학회지명 |
251, 126371 / Chemosphere |
| 논문저자 | Eun Ha Park 1, Jongbae Heo 2, Ho Kim 3, Seung-Muk Yi 4 |
| Link |
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S004565352030564…
105회 연결
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1Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea; College of Environment Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, No. 5 Yiheyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 10087, China. 2 Busan Development Institute, Busan Water Authority Bldg. 8, 9F 955 Jungang-daero, Busanjin-gu, Busan, 47210, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: jbheo@bdi.re.kr. 3 Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea. 4 Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea. Abstract PM2.5 was measured and analyzed between 2014 and 2015 in Seoul, and its sources were identified with a positive matrix factorization (PMF) to characterize chemical constituents and sources of the measured PM2.5. To verify policy interventions in reducing PM2.5 levels in Korea, the results were compared with previously published results from 2003 to 2007 at the same study site. A total of 215 PM2.5 samples were collected and analyzed for 24 species, i.e., carbonaceous species (OCEC), ionic species (NO3-, SO42-, and NH4+), and 19 element species in this study. The average PM2.5 mass concentration during the sampling period was 42.6±23.3 μg m-3. The seasonal average mass concentration of PM2.5 was the highest during winter (49.9±20.6 μg m-3), followed by spring (45.2±25.3 μg m-3), fall (34.4±19.3 μg m-3), and summer (28.4±12.5 μg m-3). Nine sources were identified and quantified using the PMF model: secondary nitrate (19.0%), secondary sulfate (20.2%), mobile (23.3%), biomass burning (12.1%), soil (8.3%), roadway emissions (3.1%), aged sea salt (1.0%), coal combustion (4.1%), and oil combustion (9.0%). The PM2.5 levels and chemical constituents during this study were lower than those during the previous study from 2003 to 2007. Particularly, concentrations of mobile related chemicals (OC, EC, and nitrate) and mobile source contributions consistently decreased from 2003 to 2015, indicating that the mobile emission reduction policy is improving PM2.5 levels in the region. The comparison between the two periods allows trends in chemical constituents and the sources of PM2.5 in Seoul to be understood. Keywords: Chemical constituent; Long-range transport; PM(2.5); Positive matrix factorization. |
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